Final answer:
Filtration is the most appropriate method to separate calcium carbonate from a suspension in water, using physical means to capture the solid substance while allowing the liquid to pass through.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most suitable method to obtain calcium carbonate (chalk) from a suspension of calcium carbonate in water is through filtration. This physical method separates the solid calcium carbonate particles from the liquid by passing the suspension through a filter, which allows the water to pass through while retaining the solid particles.
In a laboratory setting, the suspended solution would typically be poured through filter paper in a funnel, collecting the calcium carbonate on the paper as the water drips through into another container. This process is efficient for collecting insoluble substances such as calcium carbonate from their mixtures with liquids.
Evaporation, precipitation, and distillation are not as suitable for this task. Evaporation is used to remove a solvent from a solute, precipitation involves forming a solid from a solution during a chemical reaction, and distillation is best for separating mixtures based on differences in boiling points.