Final answer:
Shale contains no cross bedding or ripple marks because it is deposited in calm, low-energy environments with minimal wave or current activity. The fine-grained particles and organic matter accumulation in shale prevent the formation of cross bedding or ripple marks.
Step-by-step explanation:
Shale contains no cross bedding or ripple marks because it is typically deposited in calm, low-energy environments such as lakes or swamps, where there is minimal wave or current activity. Shale is composed of fine-grained particles that settle slowly and evenly, preventing the formation of cross bedding or ripple marks. Additionally, shale is often formed from the accumulation of organic matter, which inhibits the formation of cross bedding or ripple marks.