Final answer:
The Scopes Monkey Trial was a conflict between conservative Christian fundamentalists and modernists over the teaching of evolution.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Scopes Monkey Trial was a highly publicized trial in 1925 that pitted conservative Christian fundamentalists against secular and liberal modernists. The trial centered around high school teacher John Scopes, who violated a Tennessee law that prohibited the teaching of evolution. It became emblematic of the culture wars of the early twentieth century, with the trial attracting national attention and highlighting the clash between traditional religious beliefs and scientific theories.