Final answer:
The 'putting out' system of textile production ended due to the Industrial Revolution, which introduced efficient textile machinery and factories, drastically improving production speed and quality, and rendering the old system obsolete.
Step-by-step explanation:
The "putting out" system was a means of producing textiles where farm families would produce cloth in their spare time. This system ended primarily due to the Industrial Revolution, which introduced new textile machines and brought about a significant increase in production efficiency. With inventions such as Kay's flying shuttle, Hargreaves' spinning jenny, and Arkwright's water frame, the textile industry saw a drastic reduction in the labor hours required to produce cotton. Moreover, mechanization led to the establishment of factories with machinery too large or costly for home use, leveraging power sources like steam or water that were not accessible to small-scale producers. This factory-based system, alongside advancements like steam power and the textile mill, allowed fabric to be produced much more quickly, with better quality, and at a lower cost than the labor-intensive cottage industry.
As textile mills offered a better price and quality for cloth, the demand for the rudimentary and slow 'putting out' system waned. The shift to the factory system not only increased output but also helped fuel an economic shift, providing new jobs despite the displacement of some artisanal workers. Thus, the emergence of effective machinery and the rise of factory-based production sounded the death knell for the 'putting out' system and transformed the textile industry.