Final answer:
The First Amendment is being violated in this situation, as the suspensions of Ashley and Carin for writing a negative editorial infringe on their freedom of speech rights.
Step-by-step explanation:
The amendment being violated in this case is the First Amendment of the United States Constitution. The First Amendment guarantees the freedom of speech, which includes the right to express opinions and criticize public figures or institutions without fear of government retaliation. The school's suspension of Ashley and Carin for writing a negative editorial that criticizes the morning announcements violates their First Amendment rights.
One landmark case relevant to this situation is Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier (1988), where the Supreme Court ruled that public school curricular student newspapers that have not been established as forums for student expression have a lower level of First Amendment protection. However, in the case mentioned, the editorial in question was written for the school newspaper, which could potentially make it a forum for student expression and, therefore, deserving of stronger First Amendment protection.