Final answer:
The statement "All humans are made out of living tissue. All humans have muscles. Therefore, all humans are made out of living tissue" demonstrates b) deductive reasoning.
Step-by-step explanation:
The example provided by the student, "All humans are made out of living tissue. All humans have muscles. Therefore, all humans are made out of living tissue," is an instance of deductive reasoning. Deductive reasoning starts with a general statement or hypothesis and then examines the possibilities to reach a logical conclusion. If the premises are true, the conclusion must also be true.
An example of deductive reasoning in science could be: "All living organisms are made of cells. All cells contain DNA that they pass on to daughter cells. Therefore, living organisms pass on DNA to their offspring." This uses a general principle to arrive at a specific conclusion.
Hence, the correct answer is Option B.