Final answer:
Residents in certain areas of the Arabian Peninsula benefit from fertile land and consistent rainfall for agriculture, while the vast oil reserves present significant economic opportunities.
Step-by-step explanation:
One benefit for people living in Arabia related to its geography is the agricultural potential in regions like the southwest highlands of present-day Yemen, which have more fertile land and consistent rainfall. This climate allows for the cultivation of a variety of crops such as date-palms, olives, grapes, wheat, cotton, and henna, contributing to local food security and potential export opportunities.
An opportunity arising from the desert landscape is the vast oil reserves found under the sandy terrain, particularly in countries like Saudi Arabia. The extraction and export of oil and natural gas are significant economic activities, driving the economies of the Arabian Peninsula and offering employment and wealth creation opportunities for its residents.