Final answer:
Chinese aggression toward China and Russia in the 1930s is most closely related to the concept of Lebensraum.
The answer is option ⇒A
Step-by-step explanation:
The term Lebensraum, which is directly translated as 'living space', was a predominant ideology pursued by Nazi Germany under the leadership of Adolf Hitler. Hitler's pursuit for Lebensraum is well documented within his book Mein Kampf and was a central policy in the expansionist goals of Nazi Germany. This policy was aimed at acquiring territory for Germans to live in and involved displacing the native Slavic populations with ethnic Germans.
Similarly, Japan followed an expansionist policy, which was in some ways analogous to the German quest for Lebensraum, by seeking to dominate China and other parts of Asia to secure living space as well as resources necessary for Japan's prosperity. In 1931, Japan invaded Manchuria and subsequently established the puppet state of Manchukuo. Furthermore, in 1937, after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, Japan initiated a full-scale invasion of China.
Thus, the concept closely associated with the Japanese aggression towards China and its expansionist policy is Lebensraum, as this encapsulates the ideological pursuit of additional territory meant for the settling and growth of one's nation at the cost of another's sovereignty and land.
The answer is option ⇒A