Final answer:
The elements were primarily distributed around the universe by the explosion of a supernova, which is the explosive end of a massive star, ejecting materials into space that form heavier elements. Neutron star collisions also contribute to this process through kilonovae. The Big Bang initially created only the lightest elements like hydrogen and helium.
Step-by-step explanation:
The elements in the universe (apart from hydrogen) were primarily distributed around by the explosion of a supernova. A supernova is the explosive death of a massive star, an event so powerful that it ejects heavy elements formed within the star into space. These ejected materials are then recycled, enriching the interstellar medium with elements heavier than hydrogen, which are essential for the formation of new stars, planets, and ultimately life as we know it.
Neutron star collisions are another celestial event that can result in the creation and dispersion of heavy elements. The violent merger of two neutron stars can lead to a tremendous explosion known as a kilonova, where neutrons are stripped from the stars, fuse together to form heavy elements, and release heat due to radioactivity.
While the Big Bang was responsible for creating the lightest elements such as hydrogen and helium, it was the supernovae and to a lesser extent, neutron star collisions, that contributed to the abundance of heavier elements which are crucial for the development of complex systems like planets and life.