Final answer:
The Romans, led by Emperor Vespasian and his son Titus, crushed the Zealot rebellion of 66 AD by besieging Jerusalem and destroying the Second Temple in 70 AD. This led to significant changes in ancient Jewish society and contributed to the Jewish diaspora.
Step-by-step explanation:
Response to the Roman Zealot Rebellion
The Roman response to the Zealot rebellion in 66 A.D. was swift and severe. Several wars occurred between Rome and the Jewish people in the first centuries CE, and the revolt against Roman taxation and looting of the Second Temple in Jerusalem led to a full-scale war.
The Romans, under the command of Emperor Vespasian and his son Titus, laid siege to Jerusalem, which culminated in the destruction of the Second Temple in 70 CE. This event led to profound changes in Judaism and marked a significant moment in ancient Jewish history, resulting in the enslavement or deportation of a large portion of the Jewish population and contributing to the phenomenon of the Jewish diaspora.