Final answer:
In the sentence, the word 'Yesterday' is an adverb, while 'in' and 'with' are prepositions forming the phrases 'in Pittsburgh' and 'with his co-workers,' respectively, which provide context about location and company.
Step-by-step explanation:
Identifying the adverbs and prepositions in a sentence is crucial to understanding how the elements of the sentence come together to convey meaning. In the sentence, 'Yesterday, Tony ran a half marathon in Pittsburgh with his co-workers,' there are adverbs and prepositions that describe the action that is taking place.
Starting with adverbs, we have the word 'Yesterday,' which modifies the verb 'ran' and tells us when the action occurred.
As for prepositions, we have 'in' and 'with.' The preposition 'in' is part of the prepositional phrase 'in Pittsburgh,' which modifies the verb 'ran' and tells us the location where the marathon was run. The preposition 'with' begins the prepositional phrase 'with his co-workers,' which tells us who Tony was accompanied by during the run. Both of these prepositions connect their objects ('Pittsburgh' and 'co-workers') to the rest of the sentence, providing additional context to the action.
Understanding the roles of adverbs and prepositions aids in the comprehension of the sentence structure and provides fuller details about the scenario described. When reading or writing, identifying these parts of speech enhances clarity and specificity in communication.