Final answer:
The Mediterranean Sea was vital for the Roman Empire's trade, offering a cost-effective way to transport goods compared to land. Seaports like Ostia were essential, and regions such as North Africa became significant providers of essential resources. The sea routes and ports supported the empire’s economic and cultural connections.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Mediterranean Sea was pivotal to the Roman Empire's success, acting as a critical corridor for trade and cultural exchange. It allowed for the efficient movement of goods, including essential items like grain and olive oil, as well as luxury imports from distant lands. Being less expensive than land transport, sea routes were preferred for commerce. Seaports like Ostia, near Rome, became central hubs in this trade network. The Roman economy thrived on this system of trade, which was supported by extensive infrastructure, including roads and ports that connected diverse regions and facilitated the import and export of goods. Moreover, North Africa's integration into the empire highlighted the importance of the region as a 'breadbasket' to Rome, providing vital resources such as wheat and olive oil.
Trade was interconnected with Roman infrastructure such as ports and roads, contributing significantly to the empire’s economic stability and expansion. This system helped sustain the army, fund public works and government programs, and ultimately reinforced the transmission and adoption of cultural practices across the Mediterranean basin.