Final answer:
The religion described is Zoroastrianism, which was the main faith of the Persian Empire and involved the worship of Ahura Mazda and the cosmic struggle between good and evil. The correct answer is option d.
Step-by-step explanation:
The description provided in the question refers to the religion of Zoroastrianism, which became the main religion of the Persian Empire. Followers of Zoroastrianism worship the god Ahura Mazda, who represents good, in constant battle with the evil spirit Ahriman. Zoroastrianism is one of the earliest religions to articulate a dualistic cosmology of good and evil forces, influencing individual human actions and the fate of the universe.
The founder of this religion, Zoroaster (also known as Zarathustra), lived around 1200 BCE, and his teachings formed the core of the faith. Zoroastrianism's key beliefs include the idea that everyone has a role in the cosmic struggle of good versus evil, with human actions significantly contributing to the outcome.
Fire, symbolizing purity and the divine presence, plays a significant role in Zoroastrian rituals, and fire temples were widespread throughout the Sasanian Empire. It was a precursor to many themes later found in other monotheistic religions and was noted for its ethical code and the promise of salvation for all believers.