Final answer:
Trichomoniasis, caused by the Trichomonas vaginalis parasite, can be dormant in women often with no symptoms, making it challenging to detect. It can lead to serious complications if left untreated. A single dose of an oral antibiotic typically treats the infection, and it is crucial for sexual partners to be treated concurrently.
Step-by-step explanation:
Trichomoniasis can be dormant in women for extended periods, and many may not exhibit any symptoms throughout this time. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that a significant proportion of sexually active women may be asymptomatic carriers of the Trichomonas vaginalis parasite. Although it can remain dormant, when symptoms of trichomoniasis do occur, they typically include urinary discomfort, genital irritation, and vaginal discharge.
For treatment, a single dose of an oral antibiotic is generally effective, with both partners needing to be treated simultaneously to prevent reinfection. It is critical to avoid sexual intercourse for at least a week after treatment until a physician follow-up confirms the infection is cured. If left untreated, Trichomonas vaginalis may increase the risk of HIV transmission and lead to complications during pregnancy, such as pre-term delivery.