Final answer:
Petrarch and Shakespeare are indeed both associated with the sonnet, although they are famous for different forms of this poetic structure, known as Petrarchan and Shakespearian respectively.
Therefore, this statement is true.
Step-by-step explanation:
It is true that both Petrarch and Shakespeare are associated with the sonnet, a poetic form that traditionally consists of fourteen lines and a specific rhyme scheme. Petrarch is known for the Petrarchan or Italian sonnet form which typically follows an ABBAABBA rhyme scheme for the octave, followed by a sestet with various rhyme patterns; the volta, or thematic turn, usually occurs between the octet and sestet. Shakespeare, on the other hand, is famed for the Shakespearian sonnet, with a structure comprising three quatrains and a couplet, and a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG, where the volta is often found before the final couplet. Both forms are written in iambic pentameter and include a volta, but they differ in rhyme scheme and distribution of ideas.