Final answer:
In the Zhou dynasty, peasants followed Taoism which stresses peace and harmony with nature, emphasizing natural living, simplicity, and following the natural order or 'the way'.
Step-by-step explanation:
Under the Zhou dynasty in China, many peasants followed the teachings of Taoism which stresses D) peace and harmony with nature. Taoism, also spelled Daoism, is a philosophy and spiritual tradition that emphasizes living in harmony with the Dao. The Dao, translated as 'the way,' is seen as the underlying natural order of the universe. Taoism encourages followers to engage in practices that align with the natural world, fostering inner peace and harmony. Foundational texts like the Tao Te Ching by Laozi articulate this philosophy, which includes minimizing desires, living simply, and practicing 'wu wei' or non-action - a concept that involves going with the natural flow of events rather than resisting them.