Question

several clients have come to the clinic for immunizations. when assessing their medical records, the nurse determines which situation(s) as a contraindication for the administration of a vaccine? select all that apply.

Answer 1

Situations that constitute contraindications for vaccine administration include systemic disorders like diabetes, immunosuppressive treatments, and prolonged critical illness in vulnerable individuals.

Step-by-step explanation:

The nurse should recognize contraindications for the administration of a vaccine in clients who present with certain conditions or situations. Contraindications include systemic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, malnutrition, hepatitis, or HIV infection, any of which can compromise the immune system and make vaccine administration potentially unsafe. Immunosuppressive treatments such as cytotoxic chemotherapy, bone marrow ablation before transplantation, or radiation therapy are also contraindications because they severely weaken the immune system's ability to respond to a vaccine. Lastly, prolonged critical illness due to infection, surgery, or trauma, especially in very young, elderly, or hospitalized patients, presents a risk too great for vaccination during the period of critical illness. In such cases, the benefits of immunization may not outweigh the risks. It is also important to note the concept of herd immunity, which protects individuals who cannot be vaccinated, as widespread immunization in the population can prevent the spread of infectious diseases to these vulnerable populations.