Final answer:
Social loafing occurs when individuals perform below their capabilities in a group, while groupthink is when opinions are modified to align with the perceived group consensus. Social facilitation is the phenomenon where individuals perform better on well-practiced tasks when others are watching.
Step-by-step explanation:
Social Loafing: Social loafing occurs when individuals exert less effort while working in a group because their individual performance cannot be evaluated separately. This leads to a decline in performance on easy tasks. However, it is important to note that the opposite of social loafing can occur on complex and difficult tasks, where individuals feel motivated and believe that their group needs their input to succeed.
Groupthink: Groupthink is the modification of opinions within a group to align with what is perceived as the group consensus. It leads to faulty decision-making as diverse opinions are suppressed and extreme decisions are made. Strategies to avoid groupthink include seeking outside opinions, voting in private, and developing a contingency plan.
Social Facilitation: Social facilitation refers to the phenomenon where individuals perform better on a well-practiced task when others are watching. The presence of others can enhance arousal levels and lead to improved performance. However, social facilitation can also lead to a decline in performance on complex or novel tasks due to increased self-consciousness or evaluation apprehension.