Final answer:
The key factor in selecting a factory site to mitigate the impact of strong winds is the location, incorporating factors such as wind patterns, windbreaks, and topography. The correct answer is option B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking which factor is essential when selecting an ideal site for a factory that must be protected from strong winds. The correct answer is B. location, as it pertains to the environmental aspects that would affect a site's vulnerability to strong winds. Factors that might be considered under the term 'location' include regional wind patterns, windbreak availability, topography, and the presence of natural features that could mitigate wind effects.
Wind's impact on evaporation and transpiration rates and its ability to move soil and water are crucial environmental considerations that make location a paramount site selection factor. Moreover, the local topography can create microclimates and affect soil erosion, contributing to the site's suitability for protecting against strong winds. Understanding these elements will help in choosing a location that naturally diminishes wind impacts or where man-made windbreaks could be effectively utilized.