Final answer:
To determine the heat exhausted into the environment by a heat engine, one subtracts the work done by the engine from the heat absorbed. For an engine that absorbs 2.21E³ J of heat and does 1.08E³ J of work, the heat exhausted is 1.13E³ J.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question concerns a heat engine that takes in a certain amount of heat, performs work, and releases some amount of heat into the environment. Specifically, the engine absorbs 2.21E³ J of heat and does 1.08E³ J of work. The amount of heat exhausted into the environment can be found by applying the first law of thermodynamics, also known as the conservation of energy principle for thermodynamic systems. This law states that the energy added to the system (heat absorbed) minus the work done by the system is equal to the change in internal energy. In the case of a cyclical process of a heat engine, the change in internal energy over a complete cycle is zero, so the exhausted heat can be calculated as:
Heat exhausted = Heat absorbed by the engine − Work done by the engine
Therefore, substituting the given values:
Heat exhausted = 2.21E³ J − 1.08E³ J = 1.13E³ J
The heat engine therefore exhausts 1.13E³ J of heat into the environment.