Question

In a study designed to determine whether there is a relationship between alcoholism and TB, 150 individuals who visited the clinic of Dr. Matthews, a respiratory specialist, were examined from September 1st, 1921, until August 31st, 1922. During this time, 40 individuals newly diagnosed with TB were found to be alcoholic (drinkers) and 90 out of 100 individuals who did not develop TB were nondrinkers.

1. Set up and completely label a 2x2 table using the data above.

Answer 1

A 2x2 table was created to examine the relationship between alcoholism and TB, with one axis representing diagnosis status (TB+ or TB-) and the other representing drinking behavior (Alcoholic or Non-Alcoholic). From the data provided, it indicates that 40 individuals with TB were alcoholics, and 90 individuals without TB were nondrinkers.

Step-by-step explanation:

To investigate the relationship between alcoholism and TB (tuberculosis), a 2x2 table can be set up using the data provided. A 2x2 table is a matrix that shows the frequency of cases for two categorical variables, in this case, the presence of TB and alcoholism (as a reference to drinking behavior).

Labeling the 2x2 table:

• TB+ (Diagnosed with TB)
• TB- (Not diagnosed with TB)
• Alcoholic (Drinkers)
• Non-Alcoholic (Nondrinkers)

AlcoholicNon-AlcoholicTB+4010TB-2090

In the table above, from the total of 150 individuals:

• 40 individuals diagnosed with TB were drinkers (alcoholics).
• 10 individuals diagnosed with TB were nondrinkers (assuming the remaining 10 of the total 50 TB cases are nondrinkers, as 40 are drinkers and 50 is the total number of people with TB).
• 20 individuals not diagnosed with TB were drinkers (150 total - 90 nondrinkers - 40 drinkers with TB = 20 drinkers without TB).
• 90 individuals not diagnosed with TB were nondrinkers.

This setup allows for calculating measures of association such as odds ratios or relative risks to better understand the relationship between alcoholism and TB.