Final answer:
The area and length of polygon features in a shapefile are calculated using the Field Calculator tool in GIS software, applying functions that access the geometry of the features.
Step-by-step explanation:
The calculation of the area and length of any polygon feature in a shapefile can be done using the Field Calculator tool in GIS software. This tool allows for the application of mathematical operations to data fields, including operations necessary for calculating geometry such as area and length. These calculations are often an essential part of spatial analysis and are used in various practical applications such as land management, urban planning, and environmental science. Although Attribute query can be used to retrieve and analyze data based on certain conditions, it is not typically used for calculation purposes. The Field Calculator provides direct access to geometric properties through special functions tailored for this need.