Final answer:
To determine the upper-tail critical value tα/2, we need to know the degrees of freedom and the desired confidence level for each situation. We can use a t-distribution table or a calculator function like invT() to find the critical value.
Step-by-step explanation:
To determine the upper-tail critical value tα/2, we need to find the t-value from a probability table or calculator. The values provided in the question do not directly correspond to the t-value table.
To find the critical value, we need to know the degrees of freedom (df) and the desired confidence level (1-α) for each scenario. The degrees of freedom for each situation are given by df = n - 1, where n is the sample size.
Once we know the degrees of freedom, we can use a t-distribution table or a calculator function like invT() to find the critical value for the desired confidence level. Please provide the degrees of freedom and desired confidence level (α) for each scenario so that I can help you find the correct critical value.