Question

In a matched-pair case-control study, each control was matched to a case by age. The relationship between estrogen use and cancer of the cervix was assessed, and the odds ratio (OR) was 4. Select the correct statement about this study.

Answer 1

In a matched-pair case-control study, the odds ratio (OR) of 4 indicates that the odds of experiencing cervical cancer are four times higher in individuals who use estrogen compared to those who do not use estrogen.

Step-by-step explanation:

The odds ratio (OR) of 4 indicates a relationship between estrogen use and cancer of the cervix in the context of the matched-pair case-control study. The odds ratio is a measure of the strength and direction of the association between two variables.

Here are potential correct statements based on the information provided:

Interpretation of the Odds Ratio (OR): The odds ratio of 4 suggests that the odds of developing cancer of the cervix are four times higher among individuals who use estrogen compared to those who do not use estrogen. This indicates a positive association between estrogen use and the outcome.

Statistical Significance: The statistical significance of the odds ratio would need to be considered. If the association is statistically significant, it suggests that the observed relationship is unlikely to have occurred by chance.

Matching by Age: Matching controls to cases by age in the study design helps control for the potential confounding effect of age, allowing a more accurate assessment of the association between estrogen use and cancer of the cervix.