Final answer:
When performing a hypothesis test, you can determine whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis by following the steps of hypothesis testing and calculating the test statistic and p-value.
Step-by-step explanation:
When performing a hypothesis test to determine whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis regarding differences between sample scores (X) and population scores (μ), the following steps can be used:
- State an appropriate null hypothesis and an appropriate alternative hypothesis.
- Define the random variable.
- Calculate the test statistic.
- Calculate the p-value.
- Make a decision based on the p-value and the significance level.
- Determine the Type I and Type II errors.
For example, in question 61, if the sample standard deviation for science students is $20 and the sample standard deviation for humanities students is $15, we can calculate the test statistic and find the p-value. If the p-value is less than the significance level (α), we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a difference between the spending of science and humanities students.