Final answer:
The subject is Mathematics, specifically statistics, where we apply normal distribution principles to calculate the probability of a sample mean IQ score falling between 85 and 125 for a group of adults.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is related to the application of statistics in understanding the probability distribution of IQ scores. Using the given mean IQ score of 105 and the standard deviation of 20, we can calculate the probability that a randomly selected sample of 20 adults will have an average IQ score between 85 and 125 points. To do this, we determine the Z-scores for 85 and 125 and use the standard normal distribution to find the probabilities corresponding to these Z-scores. The sum of these probabilities will provide the likelihood of the sample mean falling within the given range.
The bell curve is mentioned, which indicates the normal distribution of IQ scores with a mean score of 100 and a standard deviation that can be used to analyze how individual scores compare to the average. For instance, a score of 130 would be considered as an indicator of superior intelligence, demonstrating a score well above the mean. The question also references the criteria for joining Mensa, an organization for highly intelligent individuals.