Final answer:
The rate at which an 80 W incandescent lightbulb produces heat is 1.6 W and it produces light at a rate of 78.4 W.
Step-by-step explanation:
(a) The rate at which the 80 W incandescent lightbulb produces heat can be calculated by multiplying the power of the bulb by its efficiency. The bulb is 2% efficient, so the rate of heat production is 80 W x 0.02 = 1.6 W.
(b) The rate at which the bulb produces light can be calculated by subtracting the rate of heat production from the total power of the bulb. In this case, the rate of light production is 80 W - 1.6 W = 78.4 W.