Final answer:
The assertion that the major grooves of DNA are not influenced by the DNA sequence is false. The grooves' shape and properties are sequence-dependent, critical for protein-DNA interactions during transcription and replication.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that the shape of the surface of the major grooves of DNA molecules are not affected by the DNA's sequence is false. The major and minor grooves of DNA play critical roles in the accessibility of the genetic code, as these grooves allow proteins, such as transcription factors and other DNA-binding proteins, to make contact with specific sequences of the DNA. The shape and chemical properties of these grooves vary depending on the nucleotide sequence, which means that different proteins can recognize and bind to specific sequences based on these variations, facilitating processes such as transcription and replication.