Final answer:
Option A, radial holoblastic cleavage, results in the formation of an embryo with an inner cell mass in mammals, leading to the subsequent development of the blastocyst.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of cleavage that results in the formation of an embryo with an inner cell mass is radial holoblastic cleavage, which is option A. In mammals, the blastula transitions to a blastocyst, featuring an inner cell mass known as the embryoblast that will develop into the embryo. This stage occurs after cleavage and before gastrulation, and is characterized by the presence of embryonic stem cells that will ultimately differentiate into various types of cells needed by the organism. The inner cell mass is critical because it serves as the starting point for all the tissues and organs of the embryo. In summary, it is holoblastic cleavage, specifically radial holoblastic cleavage, that gives rise to the inner cell mass in mammals.