Final answer:
The mixture capable of dissolving high purity gold is called aqua regia, which consists of a combination of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid.
Step-by-step explanation:
In order to dissolve high purity gold in high concentration, a mixture of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid known as aqua regia is used. Aqua regia is a highly corrosive mixture that can dissolve metals that are more difficult to oxidize than hydrogen, such as gold and platinum. The only mixture that can dissolve high purity gold is known as aqua regia, which is a combination of nitric acid and hydrochloric acid. This mixture, typically in a ratio of one part concentrated nitric acid to three parts concentrated hydrochloric acid, is capable of dissolving gold, despite its usual chemical inertness. The ability to dissolve gold makes aqua regia a valuable tool in precious metal testing and refining, leading to the term "acid test" signifying a reliable confirmation of value.
The chemical reaction involved in the dissolving process is expressed as:
Au(s) + 4HCl(aq) + 3HNO3(aq) → HAuCl4 (aq) + 3NO2(g) + 3H₂O(l)