Final answer:
The ideas in John Winthrop's excerpt contributed to the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. William Brewster is incorrectly paired with New Haven, as he was associated with the Plymouth Colony. Massachusetts provided the basis for the Declarations and Resolves.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ideas in John Winthrop's excerpt contributed to the founding of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. John Winthrop, who became the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, delivered a famous speech titled "A Model of Christian Charity." In this speech, Winthrop articulated his vision for the new colony, which included the hopes of building economic prosperity and creating a "City upon a Hill" that would stand as a beacon of an ideal Christian community. This concept has had a lasting influence on American culture and political ideology.
Answering question 2 regarding which founder and colony pairing is incorrect, William Brewster/New Haven is the incorrect match. William Brewster was a senior elder and the religious leader of the Plymouth Colony, not New Haven. The New Haven Colony had its own distinct founding and leadership.
Furthermore, discussing the basis for the Declarations and Resolves, the correct colony is Massachusetts. As tensions between the American colonies and the British government escalated, Massachusetts was central to the resistance against British policies, and these sentiments were reflected in the Declarations and Resolves.