Final answer:
The creation of an independent judiciary, creating a written plan for the new government, and uniting the nation's finances all posed challenges for George Washington and the new nation during his presidency.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is D. All of the above challenged George Washington and the new nation during his presidency.
A. The creation of an independent judiciary challenged Washington and the new nation because it involved establishing a system of courts with the power to interpret and apply the laws of the new government. This was a crucial step in maintaining order and upholding justice in the new nation.
B. Creating a written plan for the new government, which is referred to as the Constitution, was a major challenge that George Washington and the nation faced. The Constitution outlined the structure and powers of the new government, ensuring that it would be a strong and effective system.
C. Uniting the nation's finances was also a significant challenge. At the time, the nation had significant debt from the Revolutionary War and needed a plan to manage its finances and establish a stable economy. Alexander Hamilton, Washington's Secretary of the Treasury, played a key role in addressing this challenge.
Therefore, all three of these issues and events challenged George Washington and the new nation during his presidency.