Final answer:
Abraham is believed to have led the Hebrews away from Ur in Mesopotamia around 1900 BCE, according to the Hebrew Bible. The significant Hebrew presence in Canaan is archaeologically dated to around 1200 BCE. The accounts of Abraham's migration and Covenant with God are central to the development of Jewish monotheism and are important in Islamic tradition.
Step-by-step explanation:
Abraham's Migration from Mesopotamia
According to the Hebrew Bible, Abraham is considered the first patriarch of the Hebrews. He is believed to have led his people away from the Mesopotamian city of Ur around 1900 BCE. However, there is a lack of archaeological evidence to confirm the exact timeline of these events. The biblical account describes Abraham entering into a Covenant with God, where he was promised a "land of milk and honey". This relationship is a cornerstone in the formation of Jewish culture and monotheistic belief which defines Hebrew monotheism. Moreover, Abraham is also a significant figure in Islam, known as Ibrahim, with strong ties to the city of Mecca and the construction of the Kaaba.
Despite the central role Abraham plays in the religious narratives, historical sources outside of the Hebrew Bible provide little verification of his existence. Scholarly tracing indicates that the story of Abraham may have been written between the tenth and sixth centuries BCE, and the Hebrews' significant establishment in Canaan is archaeologically identified from around 1200 BCE. This period, known as the Exodus, shaped the religious and cultural identity of the Hebrews, who, under the leadership of Moses, became dedicated to the worship of Yahweh.