Final answer:
The 17th century in New Jersey was characterized by a free-enterprise system marked by limited government intervention and economic freedom, which fostered rapid economic growth, investment opportunities, individual freedom, and the creation of wealth.
Step-by-step explanation:
During the 17th century in New Jersey, the characteristics and benefits of the free-enterprise system were primarily associated with limited government intervention and economic freedom. This period saw rapid economic growth influenced by the commercial focus of the former Dutch settlements, which, under English proprietorship, looked to use the colonies to build financial futures. The free-enterprise system allowed for individual freedom of consumers and producers, the creation of wealth, and a variety of goods with responsive prices. Despite government oversight, there was local autonomy, with the colonies developing governmental structures that allowed them to retain significant power over their affairs. Moreover, these settings supported investment opportunities and helped contribute to the establishment of a competitive market.
Considering the context and the options provided, the best description of the free-enterprise system during that time would be 'A. Limited government intervention and economic freedom', as it aligns with the historical evidence of autonomy and commercial growth in the region. The free-enterprise environment fostered economic freedom that encouraged trade, competition, and private investment without the heavy constraints or central planning that would later evolve for greater regulation in the marketplace.