Final answer:
When baking soda (sodium bicarbonate) and vinegar (acetic acid) are mixed, they react in an acid-base reaction that produces water, carbon dioxide gas, and sodium acetate. The pH of the resulting mixture is close to neutral but may be slightly basic. If conducting an experiment, one would record the volume of carbon dioxide produced.
Step-by-step explanation:
You have listed four different combinations of baking soda and vinegar that can be used in an experiment. To understand why they react, it's important to consider that baking soda, which is sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), serves as a base, and vinegar, which contains acetic acid (CH3COOH), acts as an acid. When these two substances are combined, they undergo an acid-base reaction, which produces carbon dioxide gas (bubbling), water (H2O), and sodium acetate (CH3COONa).
Regarding the pH of this solution after the reaction, since the reaction typically goes to completion and the primary products are neutral water and sodium acetate (a salt), the resulting solution is nearly neutral but can be slightly basic due to the formation of some hydroxide ions from the hydrolysis of the sodium acetate in water.
Record the result of your experiment
If you are conducting this experiment, you would record the volume of gas produced in a measuring cylinder for quantitative analysis and to determine the efficiency of the reaction for each combination.