Final answer:
A nurse should teach a client that constipation, urinary retention, and dry mouth are common adverse effects of oxybutynin used for urinary incontinence. Diarrhea is not a typical side effect of this medication.
Step-by-step explanation:
The adverse effects that should be included in the teaching when beginning treatment with oxybutynin for urinary incontinence are constipation, urinary retention, and dry mouth. These are common side effects associated with anticholinergic medications like oxybutynin, which work by relaxing the bladder muscle to help decrease urinary urgency and frequency.
Oxybutynin is not typically associated with causing diarrhea; rather, it can lead to constipation due to its anticholinergic properties, which slow down the movement of the digestive tract. Urinary retention can occur because while oxybutynin helps with overactive bladder, it may also inhibit the ability to void completely in some individuals. Lastly, dry mouth is a common side effect because anticholinergic drugs reduce the activity of salivary glands.