Final answer:
Dogs have the same number of cranial nerve pairs as humans, which is 12. These nerves facilitate sensory and motor functions, including those associated with dogs' strong sense of smell.
Step-by-step explanation:
The pairs of cranial nerves dogs have is c) 12. This is the same number of cranial nerve pairs found in humans. Cranial nerves are crucial as they are responsible for transmitting various types of information between the brain and different parts of the body.
This includes sensory information like smell, which via the olfactory nerve, has a significant role in the acute sense of smell dogs possess. They also transmit motor information; for example, the ocular motor nerve controls eyelid and eye movements, and the facial nerve contains preganglionic parasympathetic fibers.
Dogs have 12 pairs of cranial nerves (24 in total).
Each cranial nerve is accorded a specific name and has a specific function. For example, the olfactory nerve is responsible for transmitting information about smells from the nose to the brainstem.
Other cranial nerves play roles in different sensory and motor functions, such as taste, eye movements, and swallowing.