Final answer:
To prevent the spread of Shigella, the nurse should implement contact precautions including the use of gloves and gowns, rigorous hand hygiene, and careful disinfection of all surfaces and items that may come into contact with the patient.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is about the precautions a nurse should take while caring for a client with Shigella-induced diarrhea. For such infection control, the nurse should implement contact precautions. These include the use of gloves and gowns when entering the room and during patient care activities. Given that Shigella is highly contagious and can spread via contact with even small amounts of infected stool, rigorous hand hygiene after removing gloves and gowns is essential. Handwashing should follow the five steps recommended by the CDC: wetting hands, applying soap, scrubbing for at least 20 seconds, rinsing, and drying with a clean towel. Moreover, strict disinfection protocols for all surfaces and items that may come into contact with the client are necessary to prevent the spread of the bacteria.
Relevant examples are the strict isolation measures for a patient in the reference, emphasizing the need for separating infected patients and preventing surface contamination, as well as the case of Javier experiencing a C. difficile infection, which underlines the importance of careful antibiotic use and proper sanitation to prevent diarrhea-related diseases.
It is also necessary for the nursing staff to follow proper protocols for waste disposal and possibly to have dedicated medical equipment for the infected patient to avoid cross-contamination. Oxygen delivery or wrist padding related to restraints is not typically related to infection control for Shigella and is not mentioned in the question as precautions to be taken.