Final answer:
To calculate the volume of the crystal, we can use the principle of water displacement. The initial volume of water in the beaker was 20 mL, and after the crystal was dropped in, the water level rose to 31 mL. This means that the crystal displaced 11 mL of water. The mass of the crystal is 16 grams and the volume is 11 mL.
Step-by-step explanation:
To calculate the volume of the crystal, we can use the principle of water displacement. The initial volume of water in the beaker was 20 mL, and after the crystal was dropped in, the water level rose to 31 mL. This means that the crystal displaced 11 mL of water. Since 1 mL of water has a mass of 1 gram, we can conclude that the crystal has a volume of 11 mL. To calculate the mass of the crystal, we can use the fact that 1 gram of water has a volume of 1 mL. So if the crystal displaced 11 mL of water, it must have a mass of 11 grams.
The label for density is mass divided by volume. In this case, the mass of the crystal is 16 grams and the volume is 11 mL. Therefore, the density of the crystal is 16 grams divided by 11 mL, which is approximately 1.45 grams/mL. The law of conservation of matter states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. This means that the total mass and volume of the crystal and water should remain constant before and after the crystal is dropped in. In this case, the mass of the crystal plus the mass.