Final answer:
When cats are panting, their gums should be examined to evaluate blood oxygenation, as abnormal gum coloration may indicate low oxygen levels in the blood, suggesting respiratory issues requiring veterinary care.
Step-by-step explanation:
When cats are panting, it is important to watch their gums to evaluate blood oxygenation. Panting can be a sign that a cat is overheating or experiencing respiratory distress. While assessing hydration status and checking for tooth decay are also important, they are not directly related to the immediate physiological response of panting. However, if the gums are pale, blue tinged, or unusually colored, it could indicate that the cat's blood oxygen levels are low. This can happen when the respiratory system is not functioning properly due to inflammation, obstructions, or other issues that may prevent the alveoli in the lungs from exchanging gases effectively.
Dr. Tsosie used a pulse oximeter on Sachem, the cat, to measure the oxygen level in the blood directly, ensuring that Sachem's clogged airways were not preventing her from getting enough oxygen. Observation of the gums is a non-invasive way to make a quick assessment of respiratory function and potential oxygenation issues in cats. A healthy coloration is typically a good indicator of suitable blood oxygen levels, whereas abnormal coloration can be a critical warning sign needing immediate veterinary attention.