Final answer:
Impressionism is characterized by its use of vibrant colors applied in short, thick strokes, the emphasis on the effect of light on subjects, and the depiction of modern life's leisure activities. The correct choices of options are painterly spontaneity, nature rendered in short strokes of brilliant color, and the celebration of leisure activities of urban life.
Step-by-step explanation:
The characteristics that apply to the Impressionism movement include painterly spontaneity, nature rendered in short strokes of brilliant color, and the celebration of leisure activities of urban life. Impressionist art is noted for its vibrant use of color, short and dynamic brushstrokes that capture the essence of subjects, and a focus on outdoor scenery to convey the transient effects of light.
Impressionists abandoned the fine detail and glazing of prior artistic techniques in favor of an approach that emphasized the natural play of light on the surface. This technique involved applying colors next to each other without much mixing, known as simultaneous contrast, which made the colors appear more vivid when viewed from a distance.
Thematically, Impressionism was concerned with capturing ordinary life's fleeting moments, often with a particular emphasis on the new experiences and sights available to the middle class in urban environments. This included a fascination with how light changes in landscapes and genre scenes, which was revolutionary in the art world of the late 19th century.