Final answer:
During metaphase I of meiosis, homologous pairs of chromosomes align adjacent to one another at the metaphase plate of a cell.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is b) metaphase I of meiosis. During metaphase I of meiosis, homologous pairs of chromosomes align adjacent to one another at the metaphase plate of a cell. This alignment allows for the proper separation of homologous chromosomes during anaphase I. In metaphase of mitosis, it is sister chromatids that align at the metaphase plate.