Question

which of the following statements about chloroplast dna are true? multiple select question. many chloroplast proteins are encoded by nuclear genes. the chloroplast genome is smaller than the mitochondrial genome. a typical chloroplast genome is about 100,000 - 200,000 bp in length. all chloroplast proteins are encoded by chloroplast genes.

Answer 1

Chloroplast DNA encodes proteins for chloroplast function. Many of these proteins are encoded by nuclear genes, and the chloroplast genome is typically smaller than the mitochondrial genome.

Therefore, all the options are correct.

Step-by-step explanation:

The chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) is responsible for encoding proteins necessary for chloroplast function in plants. Looking at the given statements:

• Many chloroplast proteins are encoded by nuclear genes: This statement is true. Most of the proteins required by chloroplasts are actually encoded by genes located in the cell nucleus. These proteins are then transported into the chloroplast.
• The chloroplast genome is smaller than the mitochondrial genome: This statement is true. The chloroplast genome is typically smaller than the mitochondrial genome, but the actual size can vary between different plant species.
• A typical chloroplast genome is about 100,000 - 200,000 bp in length: This statement is false. The size of the chloroplast genome can range between 120,000 to 160,000 base pairs in length, which is smaller than the given range.
• All chloroplast proteins are encoded by chloroplast genes: This statement is false. As mentioned earlier, many chloroplast proteins are actually encoded by nuclear genes.