Final answer:
The false statement is that discouraged workers must be looking for employment for two years before they drop out of the labor force; part-time workers are considered fully employed for U.S. unemployment statistics.
Step-by-step explanation:
The false statement regarding the measurement of unemployment is that discouraged workers must be looking for employment for two years before they drop out of the labor force. In U.S. labor statistics, part-time workers are considered fully employed, even if they are seeking full-time employment. Residents under the age of 16, full-time students, or institutionalized individuals are not included in the labor force. The unemployment rate is indeed calculated as the total number of unemployed people divided by the labor force, multiplied by 100.