Final answer:
A dog bite from an unvaccinated dog necessitates a 10-day quarantine to monitor for rabies symptoms. Prompt treatment with rabies immunoglobulin and vaccinations can prevent the virus from causing severe neurological damage.
Step-by-step explanation:
An unvaccinated dog that bites will be on rabies quarantine for 10 days (Option a). This period is in place to monitor the dog for signs of rabies, as the virus typically incubates for a week or longer before reaching the central nervous system. The prevalence of rabies is low in the United States owing to the widespread vaccination of domestic animals and oral vaccine programs for wild animals. When a human is potentially exposed through a bite, immunoglobulin can be administered to inactivate the virus, and a series of rabies vaccinations given over 14 days can boost the immune response to prevent the virus from entering nervous tissue and causing fatal neurological consequences.
Rabies Quarantine
In the case of a dog bite, if rabies infection is suspected or confirmed, medical professionals treat the wound and inject antibodies specific to the rabies virus as a preventive measure against active infection, exemplifying artificial active immunity. This strategy also highlights the significance of a robust immune system in combating viral infections such as rabies or Ebola.