Final answer:
Managers with a strong belief in their ability to control their own outcomes are high in internal locus of control, which is intertwined with self-efficacy.
Step-by-step explanation:
Managers who believe that they are largely responsible for their own fate are said to be high in internal locus of control. This concept, developed by Julian Rotter, refers to the belief that we can control our own outcomes. Individuals with a high internal locus of control, often also display high self-efficacy, which is the confidence in one's own abilities to achieve goals. They tend to view challenges as tasks to be mastered and maintain commitment to their activities, recovering quickly from setbacks. Conversely, those with an external locus of control attribute their outcomes to external factors such as luck or the influence of others.