Final answer:
The third characteristic of an organization's structure is that it defines and limits the behavior of its members, indicating that organizations have structured limitations.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question asks which option correctly describes the third characteristic of how organizations are structured. This revolves around the concept that organizations typically have a structured limitation on the behavior of its members. Precisely, formal organizations like schools, businesses, and governments are considered to be bureaucracies. These bureaucracies have distinct features and limitations, including a hierarchy of authority, division of labor, explicit rules, and impersonality. Due to these structured limitations, organizations can often seem inflexible and slow to adapt, leading to complaints about them being unresponsive or indifferent to individual needs. Therefore, the correct answer to the student’s question is d. Organizations have structured limitations.