Final answer:
The collective sentiment or general will is pivotal in shaping society as it underpins the social contract and influences the effectiveness of governmental institutions. Responsive governance and civic virtue contribute to social harmony, while public opinion guides policy decisions and reinforces state legitimacy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The collective sentiment of the people, also known as the general will or public opinion, is indeed a key to the development of society. This aligns with the idea that virtue is a core motive force of a republic, underpinning social harmony and the operation of political institutions. A social contract grounded in the general will creates a foundational agreement that facilitates the functioning of a democratic or republican state.
To justify the importance of collective sentiment, one must consider that governments and policies are more effective when they are responsive to the will of the people. Such alignment ensures that institutions serve rather than oppress the population. Additionally, the cultivation of civic virtue, which includes decency, tolerance, and respect, is critical for maintaining a harmonious society that is open to change and positive development.
Social cohesion and open communication between community leaders and the wider community are critical for building consensus for change. Moreover, Benedict Anderson's theory highlights that a sense of peoplehood and national identity reinforces the state's legitimacy, thus binding citizens together. The influence of public opinion over time, as seen in changes in collective sentiment and public mood, can indeed shape policy decisions and the strength of a nation's institutions.