Final answer:
The management function that lays the groundwork for all other functions and is the first step taken when performing them is planning.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is d) Planning.
Planning is the management function that lays the groundwork for all other functions and is the first step taken when performing them. It involves setting goals, developing strategies, and creating action plans to achieve those goals.
For example, if a company wants to increase its market share, the first step would be to develop a strategic plan that outlines specific objectives and the actions needed to accomplish them. This plan would serve as a foundation for the other functions, such as organizing resources, leading employees, and controlling the progress towards the goals.