Final answer:
Inhibiting factors are those that prevent behavior, while encouraging factors promote action. Different types of motivation, such as intrinsic and extrinsic, as well as cultural influences and self-efficacy, can either inhibit or encourage behavior.
Step-by-step explanation:
Motivating factors that prevent individuals from participating in certain behaviors are referred to as inhibiting factors. In contrast, encouraging factors are influences that propel someone to engage in behavior. The distinction is essential because the type of motivation (intrinsic or extrinsic) can significantly influence whether an action is taken. Intrinsic motivation, which comes from within an individual, leads to behavior performed for personal satisfaction. Extrinsic motivation depends on rewards that come from the environment, such as money or praise. However, the expectation and type of these extrinsic rewards can have different effects on a person's intrinsic motivation.
Culture can also play a pivotal role in what motivates or inhibits a person. For instance, collectivistic cultures prioritize group success, possibly inhibiting behavior that benefits only the individual. The encouraging factors in such cultures are typically related to the well-being of the group as a whole. Self-efficacy is another personal characteristic that can either be an inhibiting or encouraging factor, depending on one's confidence in their abilities.